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Lanthanum Oxide is typically graded by purity, ranging from 99.9% (3N) to 99.999% (5N). For optical glass and catalyst production, high purity (4N or higher) is essential to prevent impurities from affecting refractive indices or chemical reactions. Buyers should request a Certificate of Analysis (COA) for every batch, specifically checking for TREO (Total Rare Earth Oxides) levels and the concentration of non-rare earth impurities like Iron (Fe), Silicon (Si), and Calcium (Ca), which should be in the ppm (parts per million) range.
The physical properties of Lanthanum Oxide must match the intended use. For optical glass, a specific particle size distribution (D50) is required to ensure uniform melting. In ceramic capacitors and piezoelectric materials, the loss on ignition (LOI) should be strictly controlled (typically <1%) to ensure structural stability during high-temperature firing. If used for hydrogen storage alloys, the phase purity and surface area are the critical performance benchmarks.
While Lanthanum Oxide is not classified as a highly toxic substance, it must comply with REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) for the EU market. Suppliers should provide a comprehensive Safety Data Sheet (SDS). Because it is a rare earth element, ensure the supplier adheres to ISO 14001 environmental management standards, as rare earth extraction is subject to strict environmental regulations regarding tailings and wastewater.
Lanthanum Oxide is hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air to form Lanthanum Hydroxide. This can alter the effective weight and purity of the product. Buyers must ensure the product is packed in vacuum-sealed plastic bags inside steel or fiber drums. Storage should be in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated warehouse to maintain chemical stability.
Rare earth elements are often subject to strategic export controls and tariffs. Prices can fluctuate significantly based on the export policies of the country of origin (primarily China). It is recommended to monitor customs HS codes (typically 2846.10) and maintain a flexible procurement contract that accounts for potential changes in export duties or volume restrictions.
The rare earth market is highly volatile. To mitigate risk, professional buyers should avoid 'spot price' traps and instead negotiate long-term supply agreements with price adjustment formulas linked to recognized industry indices. Using Made-in-China.com to vet Diamond Members and Audited Suppliers ensures you are dealing with established manufacturers who have stable raw material reserves.
For high-value chemical orders, utilize third-party inspection services (such as SGS or Intertek) to perform pre-shipment sampling and testing. Ensure the payment is handled through secure channels or use Letters of Credit (L/C) for large volumes to protect against non-delivery or sub-standard quality. Always verify the supplier's export license for rare earth products before transferring funds.
For large industrial volumes, Sea Freight (FCL - Full Container Load) is the most economical option. Given the high density of the powder, ensure the weight limits of the container are not exceeded even if the volume is low. For urgent R&D samples, Air Freight with moisture-proof over-packaging is necessary. Always clarify Incoterms (e.g., FOB vs. CIF) to understand where the risk transfers and who handles the complex customs clearance for chemical goods.